Which tax is associated with the FICA?

The FICA, or Federal Insurance Contributions Act, is primarily associated with funding two major social programs in the United States: Social Security and Medicare. Therefore, the correct answer highlights that the tax collected under FICA is specifically for these two programs.

Social Security provides benefits for retirees, the disabled, and survivors of deceased workers, while Medicare offers health insurance for individuals over the age of 65 and younger individuals with disabilities. The FICA tax is deducted from employees' earnings and is also matched by employers, demonstrating the collaborative funding model for these essential social services.

The other tax types listed are distinct and serve different purposes. Income tax is a broader category that encompasses what individuals owe based on their earnings but does not specifically relate to FICA. Sales tax is a consumption tax based on the purchase of goods and services, while property tax is levied on real estate property. None of these are associated with FICA and its contributions to Social Security and Medicare. Thus, the choice related to Social Security and Medicare tax accurately reflects the function and purpose of FICA.